STUDENT SPACE · TOPIC 2

Acid reactions and neutralisation

Predict products and write the acid–alkali ionic equation.

The essentials

  • Suitable reactive metals react with dilute HCl or dilute H₂SO₄ to give a salt and hydrogen.
  • Acid + metal oxide or hydroxide → salt + water. Acid + carbonate also produces CO₂.
  • H⁺ ions from the acid combine with OH⁻ ions from the alkali to form water.

Key vocabulary

EnglishChinese
salt盐
neutralisation中和
proton donor质子给予体
spectator ion旁观离子

Quick practice

Try each question before opening its hint or answer. Use paper for calculations and diagrams.

Question 1

In NH₃ + H⁺ → NH₄⁺, explain why NH₃ acts as a base.

Need a hint for Question 1?

Identify metal, oxide, hydroxide or carbonate before choosing products.

Check Question 1

NH₃ accepts a proton.

Question 2

Complete and balance: MgO + HCl → __ + __.

Need a hint for Question 2?

Acid plus basic oxide forms a salt and water.

Check Question 2

MgO(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l).

Question 3

Name the gas from an acid with a carbonate, and give its test.

Need a hint for Question 3?

Identify the carbonate gas and the reagent used to detect it.

Check Question 3

Carbon dioxide; bubble it through limewater, which turns milky.

Use Lesson 2 in your worksheet for written practice. Your teacher will discuss those answers in class.

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